HIRING AND MANAGING STAFF

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Part-time contract

Part-time employment contracts must be in writing and specify the hours of work (e.g. by day, week, month and year).

Pay and other entitlements of part-time employees are normally pro-rated to those applicable to full-timers in the same job entitlement.

Ancillary clauses to part-time contract can be added, which allow employer a wider flexibility:

•"elastic clauses" (clausole elastiche) which permit an employer to increase working time;
•''flexible clauses" (clausole flessibili) which permit an employer to vary working hours during the day.

Fixed-term contract (legislative decree no.81/2015)

Companies can hire employees on a fixed-term contract for arrangements limited by time. Fixed-term contracts can last up to 36 months, including any extension.

Quantitative limits are normally set by the NCAs; alternatively, the law states that the overall number of fixed- term contracts may not exceed the 20% threshold of the work- force hired on permanent basis.

Fixed-term contracts cannot be used to replace workers on strike or to replace employees temporarily laid-off or involved in collective dismissals in the past few months

"On call" jobs ("lavoro a chiamata o intermittente" legislative decree no.81/2015)

"On call" job contracts provide that an employee declares his/her availability to work over a certain period of time, during which he/she can be called in - even for a few days only - with short-term notice.

The individual contract may provide that the employee is bound to work if called by the employer. In this case, in addition to the normal remuneration paid for the working activity currently carried out, the employee is eligible to an additional 20% of the wage set by the NCAs. This contract must be drafted in writing.

Apprenticeship ("apprendistato", legislative decree no.81/2015)

Apprenticeship is an open-end contract with a vocational training content.

The employer can hire apprentices within certain quantitative thresholds depending on the number of emplo- yees hired and is required to ensure that the apprentice acquires professional skills and qualification.

Staff supply contract ("contratto di somministrazione di lavoro")

Temporary contracts, on fixed-term or open-end basis, can only be agreed with qualified employment agencies. Workers must benefit from the same legal and economic conditions available to employees of the user com- pany. Employers may not use staff supply contracts to replace workers on strike or to replace employees tem- porarily laid-off or involved in collective dismissals in the previous few months.